std history timeline
Nearly a score of other sexually transmitted diseases are known. All have reasonably effective drug cures. About half of all cases of urethritis that are not gonorrhea are chlamydia, which is caused by an infection with Chlamydia trachomatis. The latter bacterium is also the infecting agent in pelvic inflammatory disease and in still another sexually transmitted disease, lymphogranuloma venereum. The cause for the remaining 50 percent of nongonococcal urethral infections is not known; no organism has been definitely related.
Urethritis is the infection and inflammation of the urethra (the passage that transmits urine from the bladder to the exterior of the body). Most cases of urethritis are in fact sexually transmitted. Urethritis that is caused by the gonococcus bacterium (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) is called gonorrhea. Gonorrhea was named by the Greek physician Galen and is thought to have been known to the ancient Chinese and Egyptians.
Proper male condom usage entails: [ citation needed ]
Specific age groups, persons who participate in risky sexual behavior, or those have certain health conditions may require screening. The CDC recommends that sexually active women under the age of 25 and those over 25 at risk should be screened for chlamydia and gonorrhea yearly. Appropriate times for screening are during regular pelvic examinations and preconception evaluations. [90] Nucleic acid amplification tests are the recommended method of diagnosis for gonorrhea and chlamydia. [91] This can be done on either urine in both men and women, vaginal or cervical swabs in women, or urethral swabs in men. [91] Screening can be performed:
Syphilis has been a recurring subject of poetry since Girolamo Fracastoro published the epic Syphilis sive morbus gallicus in 1530. The great clinician William Osler (1849-1919) pronounced Fracastoro’s work “the most successful medical poem ever written.” Perhaps inspired by Fracastoro’s achievement, generations of poet-physicians have addressed syphilis in their writing. As an avocational endeavor, poetry was a way for physicians to express ideas they couldn’t easily share in their professional capacities.
In contrast, married women with venereal disease are presented as victims of careless husbands. The possibility of a young, unmarried woman approaching her doctor for treatment is not broached. Unmarried women infected with venereal disease were invariably characterized as prostitutes. At best, it was recommended that prostitutes receive treatment to avoid infecting others. At worst, they were to be forcibly removed from communities.
STDs in animals and humans have a historical relationship. “Two or three of the major STDs have come from animals,” says Alonso Aguirre, a veterinarian and vice president for conservation medicine at Wildlife Trust. “We know, for example, that gonorrhea came from cattle to humans. Syphilis also came to humans from cattle or sheep many centuries ago, possibly sexually.” The most recent, as well as the deadliest, STD to migrate to humans is HIV, which hunters acquired from the blood of chimpanzees, says Aguirre. The disease became transmissible from one person to another through semen and other bodily fluids after it had spread to the human population.
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are on the rise in the U.S., to the point where even senior citizens are seeing upswings in infections. But STDs also occur throughout the animal kingdom, in species from mammals to insects to birds. And recent progress on a chlamydia vaccine for koalas may even lead to breakthroughs in vaccinating humans against sexually transmited infections.
Resources:
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexually_transmitted_infection
http://www.ohsu.edu/historical-collections-archives/mercury-marriage-and-magic-bullets-four-centuries-std-prevention
http://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/how-often-do-animals-get-stds
http://sites.google.com/site/bibletimelinebanneryp37p/home/bible-timeline-with-world-history-pdf